American Whoreson Research Resources

1) Industrial America:

Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900:

Women and the Early Industrial Revolution in the United States:

Textile Industry:

The Industrial Revolution in the United States:

Labor Movement:

Who Built America?:

Fear of Immigrants:

Immigrants Sources:

Industrial Disasters:

Accident Investigations:

Workplace Safety:

Unionism:

Workplace Accidents:

Clayton Foundry Explosion:

The incident in Chapter Six is based on this incident with some liberties taken for dramatic purposes.

2) Life in the Mills:

Life in the Mill Villages:

Mill Villages:

Mill Village and Factory: Voices:

The Woman Who Toils:

The Bishop of Cottontown:

A Story of the Southern Cotton Mills by John Trotwood Moore:

Pens:

3) How a cotton mill made fabric:

How textile mills worked:

The Din of Machines:

The Technology of Textile Production:

Antebellum Industrial Willimantic: A Chronology:

Textile Machinery:

Failure analysis of conveyor belt samples under tensile load:

4) Cotton mill working conditions:

Charleston’s Cotton Factory, 1880-1900:

Toward a Black Workforce, 1897-1900:

Interior of Magnolia (Miss.) Cotton Mills:

General View:

Pictures of cotton mills, machinery, and workers:

Warping room:

5) Child Labor in the Industrial Revolution:

Children in the Mills:

Note that the accident referred to in the third chapter of my novel is based on the account of Mary Richards described in this text.

I have spared the reader most of the gruesome details and described only what I believe the aftermath could have been.

History of child labor in the United States:

National Child Labor Committee Collection:

Working Conditions in the Industrial Revolution:

Child Wages in the Cotton Mills: Our Modern Feudalism:

Horrible Health and Safety Histories: Child Labour:

Heartbreaking Photographs of Child Labour in the United States by Lewis Hine:

Childhood Lost: Child Labor During the Industrial Revolution:

Child mortality rate:

Fourteen-year-old spinner:

Twelve-year-old Selina Wall:

Typical workers in Barker Cotton Mill:

A doffer boy:

Spinner in Lancaster:

Boy at the warping machine:

Young spinner:

Young boy on warping machine:

Spooler tenders:

Drawer:

Mule Spinning:

14-year-old Spooler tender:

Little spinner:

Hattie Hunter:

Two young spinners:

Oiler Boy:

Flossie Britt, 6 years old:

Children in Industry:

Cabin Boys:

6) Diseases in the East:

Cholera:

Tuberculosis: “Kiss of Death” at New England textile mills – Historic Ipswich

Tuberculosis: Stop Kissing and Steaming!:

Tuberculosis and the Occupational Health Movement in the Massachusetts and Lancashire Cotton Weaving Industries, 1870–1918 (nih.gov)

Epidemics:

Disease and War:

Russian Flu:

Pandemics:

Epidemics:

Chicago Diseases:

Scurvy:

7) Railroads:

Railroads In The Gilded Age:

Boxcar:

Boxcars:

Hobo habitat disappears:

Seaboard and Roanoke RR:

Norfolk and Petersburg RR:

Merchants and Miners Ships:

Merchants and Miners Fares:

Merchants and Miners Routes:

Map of Norfolk, VA:

Map of Norfolk, VA:

Railroad Strike 1877:

Map of Virginia Railroads:

Map of North Carolina Railroads:

Ocean Travel Source:

Steamships:

Norfolk to Boston 645 nm @19knots = 1.4 days or 33.6 hours Depart 4 PM Arr 9 AM

8) Society in the late 19th Century:

Manners and Etiquette in the Antebellum South:

1850-1877: Lifestyles, Social Trends, And Fashion:

1878-1899: Lifestyles, Social Trends, And Fashion:

The 1900s Lifestyles And Social Trends:

Shanghaied:

9) Cursing:

Sailors:

Others:

History:

10) Dime Novels

Dime Novels:

Dime Novels:

Dime Novels:

The Beadle Collection of Dime Novels:

Duke University Dime Novels:

Dartmouth University Dime Novels:

Diffusing Labor Radicalism:

Italian discrimination:

Calstate Scholarworks:

11) West in General:

The American West, 1865-1900:

Alcoholism in the Military:

Cavalry Grog:

Alcoholism at Ft Sill:

Buffalo Soldiers:

Note the comments on discipline and alcoholism

Drunkenness in the military:

Custer:

12) Smallpox and the Western Campaign:

Smallpox and the Native American:

Smallpox epidemic:

The Great Smallpox Epidemic:

13) Indian “Wars” and Massacres:

Ute Wars:

Massacres:

Massacres relevant to this novel:

1890 December 10 Buffalo Gap Massacre South Dakota

Several wagonloads of Sioux were killed by South Dakota Home Guard militiamen near French Creek, South Dakota while visiting a white friend in Buffalo Gap.

1890 December Strong Hold South Dakota South Dakota

Home Guard militiamen ambushed and massacred 75 Sioux at the Stronghold, in the northern portion of Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

1890 December 29 Wounded Knee Massacre South Dakota

Members of the U.S. 7th Cavalry attacked and killed between 130 and 250 Sioux men, women, and children at Wounded Knee, South Dakota.

Indian Genocide:

Wounded Knee Congressional Testimony:

The drunken state of the Cavalry troops is especially significant.

Buffalo Gap Massacre:

St Paul Newspaper account of Buffalo Gap:

Santa Fe Newspaper account of Buffalo Gap:

States Rights Democrat Newspaper account of Buffalo Gap:

Professor Olsen @ Large:

Buffalo Gap:

Wounded Knee:

Hotchkiss Gun used at Wounded Knee: